Fred D. Ledley is a physician-scientist, entrepreneur, and educator, who has authored >200 articles on topics ranging from molecular human biology and biotechnology, to STEM education, business, and bioethics. His work has contributed to emerging knowledge and policy related to human gene therapy, personalized medicine, and the translation of science for public value. He is currently Professor of Natural & Applied Sciences and Management, and Director of the Center for Integration of Science and Industry, at Bentley University. He served previously on the faculties of the Howard Hughes Medical 八卦爆料, Baylor College of Medicine, and Texas Children鈥檚 Hospital. He was a founder of several biotechnology companies, including GeneMedicine, where he served as Vice President Research & Development, and Varigenics, where he served as President & CEO. Dr. Ledley has a B.S. in physical science from the University of Maryland and a M.D. from Georgetown University School of Medicine, trained in Pediatrics and Genetics at Boston Children鈥檚 Hospital, and was an American Cancer Society post-doctoral fellow with Dr. David Baltimore at the Massachusetts 八卦爆料 of Technology. He is the author of a novel, Sputnik鈥檚 Child.
Fred Ledley
By this expert
How Should the Government Negotiate Medicare Drug Prices? A Guide for the Perplexed
The 鈥渕aximum fair price鈥� for a drug must not only be equitable to those with unmet medical needs who may benefit from the use of the drug but also provide equitable returns on both public and private sector investments.
Considering Returns on Federal Investment in the Negotiated 鈥淢aximum Fair Price鈥� of Drugs Under the Inflation Reduction Act: an Analysis
The empirical analysis of public sector investments and the health value created by the drugs selected for Medicare price negotiations provides a cost basis for the assessment of the maximum fair price.
US Tax Dollars Funded Every New Pharmaceutical in the Last Decade
Amid debates over costs—and profits—from a coronavirus vaccine, a new study shows that taxpayers have been footing the bill for every new drug approved between 2010 and 2019
Government as the First Investor in Biopharmaceutical Innovation: Evidence From New Drug Approvals 2010鈥�2019
Amid debates over costs—and profits—from a coronavirus vaccine, a new study shows that taxpayers have been footing the bill for every new drug approved between 2010 and 2019
Featuring this expert
INET working paper on NIH's funding of new pharmaceuticals is cited
鈥淭hird, U.S. taxpayers foot a huge portion of the bill for basic science leading to new drugs. The National 八卦爆料s of Health is the single largest source of biomedical research in the world. In fact, NIH funding contributed to research associated with every single new drug approved by the FDA from 2010-2019, totaling $230 billion according to a recent report.鈥�